2. OWASP ZAP (Zed Attack Proxy)

Description:
OWASP ZAP is an open-source web application security scanner developed by OWASP. It acts as an intercepting proxy to allow security testers to intercept, inspect, modify, and test HTTP requests and responses.

Examples:

    1. Intercepting HTTP Requests:
      • Set the browser’s proxy to point to ZAP.
      • Click “Start” to intercept and modify the requests in real-time. Explanation: Interception allows testers to view and modify HTTP/HTTPS traffic between the browser and the web application to test for vulnerabilities.
    2. Spidering the Target Application:
      • Use the “Spider” tab to start crawling a website. Explanation: This tool crawls the website and helps identify hidden resources, which can then be scanned for vulnerabilities.
    3. Running an Active Scan:
      • After spidering the website, use “Active Scan” to look for vulnerabilities. Explanation: Active scans attempt to exploit found vulnerabilities, which helps in finding critical issues such as XSS and SQL injection.
    4. Running a Passive Scan:
      • While navigating through the website, ZAP automatically runs a passive scan. Explanation: Passive scanning observes and analyzes requests and responses without interacting with the target, which helps find information leaks, security headers, and more.
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